Book Description:
This book presents a comprehensive review of the morphology and function of chromosomes in elderly people. The wide range of topics includes cyclical chromosome properties, mutations, repair, progressive chromosome heterochromatinization with increasing age, roles of nucleolar organizer regions, sister chromatid exchanges, homolog relationships, heterochromatin regions and other chromosomal features in very old age. This ground-breaking book focuses on heterochromatinization as a key determinant of the genetic apparatus function during senescence and an area to seek life-prolonging interventions. The book illustrates and updates progress in the field of cytogenetics of aging. The book contains 16 tables and 25 figures.

Table of Contents:
Chapter Availability

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Foreword
Introduction
CHAPTER 1 - Genetic Basis of Aging
1.1- General Considerations
1.2- Theory of Aging
CHAPTER 2 - Mutation
2.1- Aneuploidy
2.1.1- Aneuploidy in Peripheral Lymphocyte Cultures
2.1.2- Relationship Between ‘Natural’ and ‘Artifactual’ Aneuploidy
2.1.3- Premature Disjunction of Centromeres
2.1.4- Polyploidy (Endoreduplication)
2.2- Aberrations
2.2.1- Incidence of Aberrant Cells and Chromosome Aberrations
2.2.2- Types of Chromosome Aberrations
2.2.3- Chromosome Aberrations Induced by Heavy Metal Salts Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 3 - Repair
3.1- Repair of DNA
3.1.1- Repair in Human Congenital Diseases
3.2- Unscheduled DNA Synthesis
3.3- Sister Chromatid Exchanges
Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 4
Chromosome Modification
4.1- Functional Differentiation of Chromatin
4.1.1- Variability of Condensed Chromatin
4.2-Heat Absorption of Condensed Chromatin
4.3-Centromeric Heterochromatin
4.3.1- Y-Chromosome Centromeric Heterochromatin in Longeval Families
4.4- Telomeric Heterochromatin
Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 5
Acrocentric Chromosomes
5.1- Nucleolar Organizer Regions 5.1.1-The Short Arm of the Human Acrocentric Chromosomes: Morphology
5.2- Human Acrocentric Chromosome Associations
5.2.1-Relationship Between the Incidence of Recognizable Satellites, Associations and Age in Group D and G Acrocentric Chromosomes
5.2.2- Satellite Associations and Ag-staining Patterns
5.2.3- Cis- and Trans-types of Chromatid Association
5.3- Transcriptional Activity of Ribosomal Cistrones
Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 6
Chromosome Arrangement
6.1-Chromosome Arrangement in Metaphase Somatic Cells
6.1.1-Distribution of Homologous Chromosome Pairs
1, 2, 3 and 16
Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 7
Deheterochromatinization of Chromosomes
7.1- Peptide Bioregulators Induced Reactivation of Chromatin
7.1.1- Denaturation of Total Heterochromatin
7.1.2- Transcriptional Activity of Ribosomal Genes
7.1.3- Heteromorphism of Structural C-Heterochromatin
7.1.4- Variability of Facultative Heterochromatin (Condensed Euchromatin Regions) Based on SCE Test
Discussion
Conclusion
CHAPTER 8
General Conclusions
8.1- Heterochromatinization of Chromosomes
8.2- Heterochromatinization As a Key Factor in Aging
8.3- Possible Mechanisms of Aging Pathologies References
Glossary
Index